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CDL drug and alcohol testing practice questions

20 free practice questions from 49 CFR Part 382. Each answer is explained and linked to the rule it comes from.

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CDL Drug and alcohol testing

20 questions across 8 topics. After each answer you see why it is right, with a link to the official source.

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Who is covered and key definitions

  1. 1. How does the Part 382 definition of "driver" describe who is included?

    • A. Only full-time drivers on the employer's payroll
    • B. Any person who operates a CMV, including casual, intermittent or occasional drivers, leased drivers and independent owner-operator contractors
    • C. Only drivers who hold a CDL with a hazardous materials endorsement
    • D. Only drivers who drive more than 50 percent of their working time
    Show answer

    Answer: B. Any person who operates a CMV, including casual, intermittent or occasional drivers, leased drivers and independent owner-operator contractors

    "Driver means any person who operates a commercial motor vehicle." It "includes, but is not limited to: Full time, regularly employed drivers; casual, intermittent or occasional drivers; leased drivers and independent owner-operator contractors."

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.107, Definitions (as of Nov 3, 2026)

  2. 2. What random testing arrangement does 382.103(b) require of an employer who employs only himself or herself as a driver?

    • A. None; a sole driver is exempt from random testing
    • B. A self-test once each calendar year on a date the driver picks
    • C. Random testing only after a first violation
    • D. A random testing program of two or more covered employees in the random testing selection pool
    Show answer

    Answer: D. A random testing program of two or more covered employees in the random testing selection pool

    Such an employer "shall implement a random alcohol and controlled substances testing program of two or more covered employees in the random testing selection pool."

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.103, Applicability (as of Nov 3, 2026)

Alcohol prohibitions

  1. 3. Under 382.201, what must an employer do when it has knowledge that a driver has an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or greater?

    • A. Not permit the driver to perform or continue to perform safety-sensitive functions
    • B. Let the driver finish the current trip, then remove the driver from duty
    • C. Allow the driver to continue after a 1-hour wait
    • D. Wait for a police report before taking any step
    Show answer

    Answer: A. Not permit the driver to perform or continue to perform safety-sensitive functions

    "No employer having knowledge that a driver has an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or greater shall permit the driver to perform or continue to perform safety-sensitive functions."

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.201, Alcohol concentration (as of Nov 3, 2026)

  2. 4. While performing safety-sensitive functions, a driver drinks a beer during a short stop. A later test shows an alcohol concentration below 0.02. Which Part 382 prohibition does the drinking itself violate?

    • A. None, because the test result was below 0.02
    • B. 382.209, use following an accident
    • C. 382.205, on-duty use
    • D. 382.215, controlled substances testing
    Show answer

    Answer: C. 382.205, on-duty use

    382.205 sets no concentration threshold: "No driver shall use alcohol while performing safety-sensitive functions."

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.205, On-duty use (as of Nov 3, 2026)

  3. 5. Which drivers does the 382.209 ban on using alcohol after an accident apply to?

    • A. Every driver who saw the accident
    • B. Only drivers found at fault by the police
    • C. Drivers required to take a post-accident alcohol test under 382.303
    • D. Only drivers who were injured in the accident
    Show answer

    Answer: C. Drivers required to take a post-accident alcohol test under 382.303

    "No driver required to take a post-accident alcohol test under § 382.303 shall use alcohol for eight hours following the accident, or until he/she undergoes a post-accident alcohol test, whichever occurs first."

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.209, Use following an accident (as of Nov 3, 2026)

  4. 6. Apart from the rule in 382.505(a), what does 382.505(b) say about employer action under Part 382 based solely on test results showing an alcohol concentration less than 0.04?

    • A. No employer shall take any action under this part against a driver based solely on such results
    • B. The employer must end the driver's employment
    • C. The employer must order a return-to-duty test
    • D. The employer must report the result to the Clearinghouse
    Show answer

    Answer: A. No employer shall take any action under this part against a driver based solely on such results

    "Except as provided in paragraph (a) of this section, no employer shall take any action under this part against a driver based solely on test results showing an alcohol concentration less than 0.04."

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.505, Other alcohol-related conduct (as of Nov 3, 2026)

Controlled substances and refusals

  1. 7. Under 382.213(b), when may a driver use a non-Schedule I drug listed in the other schedules of 21 CFR part 1308 and still report for safety-sensitive duty?

    • A. When the driver takes it only on days off and feels fine at work
    • B. When the driver has told a coworker about it
    • C. When the driver has used it for 30 days without side effects
    • D. When the use is prescribed by a licensed medical practitioner who is familiar with the driver's medical history and has advised the driver it will not adversely affect safe CMV operation
    Show answer

    Answer: D. When the use is prescribed by a licensed medical practitioner who is familiar with the driver's medical history and has advised the driver it will not adversely affect safe CMV operation

    The ban applies "except when the use is prescribed by a licensed medical practitioner, as defined in § 382.107, who is familiar with the driver's medical history and has advised the driver that the substance will not adversely affect the driver's ability to safely operate a commercial motor vehicle."

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.213, Controlled substance use (as of Nov 3, 2026)

  2. 8. Which of these is listed in the 382.107 definition of "refuse to submit" to a test?

    • A. Leaving the testing site before the testing process commences for a pre-employment test
    • B. Being reported by the MRO as having a verified adulterated or substituted test result
    • C. Asking the employer in writing for copies of past test records
    • D. Having a test result that the MRO cancels
    Show answer

    Answer: B. Being reported by the MRO as having a verified adulterated or substituted test result

    The definition includes a driver who "Is reported by the MRO as having a verified adulterated or substituted test result." By contrast, leaving before a pre-employment test process commences "is not deemed to have refused to test."

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.107, Definitions (as of Nov 3, 2026)

Pre-employment and post-accident testing

  1. 9. Unless the employer uses the exception in 382.301(b), what must an employer have received before letting a driver it intends to hire or use perform safety-sensitive functions?

    • A. A controlled substances test result from the MRO or C/TPA indicating a verified negative test result for that driver
    • B. A signed statement from the driver that he or she does not use drugs
    • C. A receipt from the collection site showing a specimen was given
    • D. A negative pre-employment alcohol test only
    Show answer

    Answer: A. A controlled substances test result from the MRO or C/TPA indicating a verified negative test result for that driver

    "No employer shall allow a driver, who the employer intends to hire or use, to perform safety-sensitive functions unless the employer has received a controlled substances test result from the MRO or C/TPA indicating a verified negative test result for that driver."

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.301, Pre-employment testing (as of Nov 3, 2026)

  2. 10. What does 382.301(d) say about pre-employment alcohol testing?

    • A. It is required for every new driver
    • B. It is prohibited under Part 382
    • C. An employer may, but is not required to, conduct it
    • D. It is required only for drivers with a prior violation
    Show answer

    Answer: C. An employer may, but is not required to, conduct it

    "An employer may, but is not required to, conduct pre-employment alcohol testing under this part."

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.301, Pre-employment testing (as of Nov 3, 2026)

  3. 11. After an accident involving a CMV on a public road in commerce that involved the loss of human life, which surviving drivers must the employer test for alcohol under 382.303(a)(1)?

    • A. Only drivers who receive a citation within 8 hours
    • B. Each surviving driver who was performing safety-sensitive functions with respect to the vehicle
    • C. Only drivers a police report finds at fault
    • D. Only drivers whose vehicle had to be towed away
    Show answer

    Answer: B. Each surviving driver who was performing safety-sensitive functions with respect to the vehicle

    The employer "shall test for alcohol for each of its surviving drivers: (1) Who was performing safety-sensitive functions with respect to the vehicle, if the accident involved the loss of human life". No citation is needed for this case.

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.303, Post-accident testing (as of Nov 3, 2026)

  4. 12. Under 382.303(e), what may happen if a driver who is subject to post-accident testing does not remain readily available for testing?

    • A. Nothing; the test is simply skipped
    • B. The driver automatically gets 32 more hours
    • C. The police must perform the test instead
    • D. The employer may deem the driver to have refused to submit to testing
    Show answer

    Answer: D. The employer may deem the driver to have refused to submit to testing

    "A driver who is subject to post-accident testing shall remain readily available for such testing or may be deemed by the employer to have refused to submit to testing."

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.303, Post-accident testing (as of Nov 3, 2026)

  5. 13. What does 382.303(d)(1) require when a required post-accident alcohol test has not been administered within eight hours following the accident?

    • A. The employer shall cease attempts to administer an alcohol test and prepare and maintain a record of the reasons
    • B. The employer keeps trying until 32 hours have passed
    • C. The employer replaces it with a controlled substances test and keeps no record
    • D. The driver may sign a statement instead of testing
    Show answer

    Answer: A. The employer shall cease attempts to administer an alcohol test and prepare and maintain a record of the reasons

    "If a test required by this section is not administered within eight hours following the accident, the employer shall cease attempts to administer an alcohol test and shall prepare and maintain the same record."

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.303, Post-accident testing (as of Nov 3, 2026)

Random and reasonable suspicion testing

  1. 14. What does 382.305(k) require of random alcohol and controlled substances tests and their dates?

    • A. Announced to drivers at least one week ahead
    • B. Grouped in the first quarter of each year
    • C. Unannounced, with dates spread reasonably throughout the calendar year
    • D. On each driver's hiring anniversary
    Show answer

    Answer: C. Unannounced, with dates spread reasonably throughout the calendar year

    Random tests must be "unannounced", and the dates must be "spread reasonably throughout the calendar year."

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.305, Random testing (as of Nov 3, 2026)

  2. 15. When the FMCSA Administrator changes the minimum annual percentage rate for random alcohol testing, when does the new rate apply?

    • A. On the day it is published
    • B. 90 days after the employer receives a letter
    • C. When each employer chooses
    • D. Starting January 1 of the calendar year following publication in the Federal Register
    Show answer

    Answer: D. Starting January 1 of the calendar year following publication in the Federal Register

    "The new minimum annual percentage rate for random alcohol testing will be applicable starting January 1 of the calendar year following publication in the FEDERAL REGISTER."

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.305, Random testing (as of Nov 3, 2026)

  3. 16. Under 382.307(c), who must make the observations for reasonable suspicion testing?

    • A. Any coworker who saw the driver
    • B. A supervisor or company official who is trained in accordance with 382.603
    • C. The medical review officer
    • D. A law enforcement officer only
    Show answer

    Answer: B. A supervisor or company official who is trained in accordance with 382.603

    "The required observations for alcohol and/or controlled substances reasonable suspicion testing shall be made by a supervisor or company official who is trained in accordance with § 382.603."

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.307, Reasonable suspicion testing (as of Nov 3, 2026)

  4. 17. What does 382.603 say the training for persons designated to supervise drivers shall include?

    • A. The physical, behavioral, speech, and performance indicators of probable alcohol misuse and use of controlled substances
    • B. Instruction on performing evidential breath tests
    • C. Medical review officer certification
    • D. Hands-on urine specimen collection
    Show answer

    Answer: A. The physical, behavioral, speech, and performance indicators of probable alcohol misuse and use of controlled substances

    "The training shall include the physical, behavioral, speech, and performance indicators of probable alcohol misuse and use of controlled substances." Supervisors use it "to determine whether reasonable suspicion exists".

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.603, Training for supervisors (as of Nov 3, 2026)

Removal, return to duty and follow-up

  1. 18. A CDL holder violated the prohibitions and has not completed part 40, subpart O. By when does 382.415 require written notice to all current employers?

    • A. Within 30 days of the violation
    • B. At the next annual Clearinghouse query
    • C. Only when the driver changes employers
    • D. Before the end of the business day following the day the employee received notice of the violation, or prior to performing any safety-sensitive function, whichever comes first
    Show answer

    Answer: D. Before the end of the business day following the day the employee received notice of the violation, or prior to performing any safety-sensitive function, whichever comes first

    "The notification must be made before the end of the business day following the day the employee received notice of the violation, or prior to performing any safety-sensitive function, whichever comes first."

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.415, Notification to employers of a controlled substances or alcohol testing program violation (as of Nov 3, 2026)

Clearinghouse queries

  1. 19. Under 382.701(b)(3), what must an employer do when a limited query shows that information exists in the Clearinghouse about a driver?

    • A. Nothing until the next annual query
    • B. Send the driver for a new random test instead
    • C. Conduct a full query within 24 hours of conducting the limited query
    • D. Ask the driver to describe the information verbally
    Show answer

    Answer: C. Conduct a full query within 24 hours of conducting the limited query

    "If the limited query shows that information exists in the Clearinghouse about the individual driver, the employer must conduct a full query, in accordance with paragraph (a)(2) of this section, within 24 hours of conducting the limited query."

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.701, Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse (as of Nov 3, 2026)

Records retention

  1. 20. How long does 382.401(b)(4) require an employer to keep records related to the education and training of supervisors and drivers?

    • A. One year from the training date
    • B. While the individual performs the functions which require the training and for two years after ceasing to perform those functions
    • C. Five years from the training date
    • D. Only until the next training session
    Show answer

    Answer: B. While the individual performs the functions which require the training and for two years after ceasing to perform those functions

    "Records related to the education and training of breath alcohol technicians, screening test technicians, supervisors, and drivers shall be maintained by the employer while the individual performs the functions which require the training and for two years after ceasing to perform those functions."

    Source: eCFR: 49 CFR 382.401, Retention of records (as of Nov 3, 2026)