Lead RRP lead hazard standards and abatement basics practice questions
20 free practice questions from 40 CFR 745 Subparts D and L. Each answer is explained and linked to the rule it comes from.
Lead RRP lead hazard standards and abatement basics
20 questions across 7 topics. After each answer you see why it is right, with a link to the official source.
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Scope of the hazard standards
1. What does 745.61(c) say Subpart D requires of the owner of a property subject to the lead-based paint hazard standards?
- A. The owner must have a risk assessment done before selling or renting the property
- B. Nothing in the subpart requires the owner to evaluate the property for hazards or to act to control any that are identified
- C. The owner must abate any identified hazard within a period the subpart sets
- D. The owner must have every friction surface tested once a year
Show answer
Answer: B. Nothing in the subpart requires the owner to evaluate the property for hazards or to act to control any that are identified
745.61(c): "Nothing in this subpart requires the owner of property(ies) subject to these standards to evaluate the property(ies) for the presence of lead-based paint hazards or take any action to control these conditions if one or more of them is identified."
Source: eCFR: 40 CFR 745.61, Scope and applicability (as of Nov 4, 2026)
2. Under 745.61(d), what are the levels in 745.227(e)(8)(viii) referred to as on or after January 13, 2025?
- A. Action levels
- B. Hazard levels
- C. Reportable levels
- D. Screening levels
Show answer
Answer: A. Action levels
745.61(d): "On or after January 13, 2025, the levels identified in § 745.227(e)(8)(viii) are referred to as action levels." Before that date they "were referred to as clearance levels."
Source: eCFR: 40 CFR 745.61, Scope and applicability (as of Nov 4, 2026)
Paint-lead hazards and lead-based paint
3. Under 745.65(a)(1), when is lead-based paint on a friction surface that is subject to abrasion a paint-lead hazard?
- A. Whenever the friction surface is also a chewable surface
- B. Only when the friction surface is on the exterior of the building
- C. When lead dust levels on the nearest horizontal surface underneath it are equal to or greater than the dust-lead hazard levels in 745.65(b)
- D. Whenever any lead-based paint is on the friction surface, whatever the dust levels nearby
Show answer
Answer: C. When lead dust levels on the nearest horizontal surface underneath it are equal to or greater than the dust-lead hazard levels in 745.65(b)
745.65(a)(1) covers lead-based paint on a friction surface "where the lead dust levels on the nearest horizontal surface underneath the friction surface (e.g., the window sill, or floor) are equal to or greater than the dust-lead hazard levels identified in paragraph (b) of this section."
Source: eCFR: 40 CFR 745.65, Lead-based paint hazards (as of Nov 4, 2026)
4. Under 745.65(a)(2), what must have caused the damage to lead-based paint on an impact surface for it to be a paint-lead hazard?
- A. Weather exposure on the exterior of the building
- B. Impact from a related building component, such as a door knob that knocks into a wall
- C. A young child chewing on the surface
- D. Abrasion of a window sash in its track
Show answer
Answer: B. Impact from a related building component, such as a door knob that knocks into a wall
745.65(a)(2) covers "Any damaged or otherwise deteriorated lead-based paint on an impact surface that is caused by impact from a related building component (such as a door knob that knocks into a wall or a door that knocks against its door frame."
Source: eCFR: 40 CFR 745.65, Lead-based paint hazards (as of Nov 4, 2026)
5. Besides surfaces tested and found at or above the lead-based paint threshold, on which other surfaces does 745.227(h)(1)(ii) say lead-based paint is present?
- A. Any surface like a surface tested in the same room equivalent that has a similar painting history and that is found to be lead-based paint
- B. Every painted surface in the building once any one surface tests positive
- C. Any painted surface in a building constructed prior to 1978
- D. Any surface the owner reports was painted before the building was sold
Show answer
Answer: A. Any surface like a surface tested in the same room equivalent that has a similar painting history and that is found to be lead-based paint
745.227(h)(1)(ii): lead-based paint is present "On any surface like a surface tested in the same room equivalent that has a similar painting history and that is found to be lead-based paint."
Dust-lead hazards and action levels
6. On or after January 12, 2026, what does 745.65(b) define as a dust-lead hazard in a residential dwelling or child-occupied facility?
- A. Surface dust with 25 µg/ft2 or more of lead on floors or 200 µg/ft2 or more on interior window sills
- B. Any visible dust on floors or interior window sills, whether or not it is sampled
- C. Surface dust with any reportable level of lead for floors or for interior window sills, based on wipe samples analyzed by an NLLAP-recognized laboratory
- D. Surface dust with any reportable level of lead on window troughs only
Show answer
Answer: C. Surface dust with any reportable level of lead for floors or for interior window sills, based on wipe samples analyzed by an NLLAP-recognized laboratory
745.65(b): "On or after January 12, 2026, a dust-lead hazard is surface dust in a residential dwelling or child-occupied facility that contains a mass-per-area concentration of any reportable level of lead for floors or for interior window sills based on wipe samples analyzed by an NLLAP-recognized laboratory."
Source: eCFR: 40 CFR 745.65, Lead-based paint hazards (as of Nov 4, 2026)
7. During post-abatement testing, a single-surface dust sample equals the applicable action level in 745.227(e)(8)(viii). What does 745.227(e)(8)(vii) require?
- A. The sample is combined with others into a composite sample and reanalyzed
- B. Nothing more, because only a result above the action level fails
- C. The result is recorded in the abatement report and the project is complete
- D. The components represented by the failed sample shall be recleaned and retested
Show answer
Answer: D. The components represented by the failed sample shall be recleaned and retested
745.227(e)(8)(vii): "If the residual lead level in a single surface dust sample equals or exceeds the applicable action level" (or a composite sample fails its adjusted level), "the components represented by the failed sample shall be recleaned and retested."
8. Under the 745.223 definition of action levels, what must be achieved to complete abatement when dust sampling is required?
- A. Values below the action levels
- B. Values below the soil-lead hazard levels
- C. Values at or above the action levels
- D. No visible dust; sample results are not compared with any level
Show answer
Answer: A. Values below the action levels
745.223: action levels "are the values that indicate the amount of lead in dust on a surface following completion of an abatement activity. To complete abatement when dust sampling is required, values below these levels must be achieved."
Source: eCFR: 40 CFR 745.223, Definitions (as of Nov 4, 2026)
Soil-lead hazards and soil abatement
9. When soil is removed during a soil abatement, what does 745.227(e)(7)(i)(B) say about the soil that is removed?
- A. It may be reused as top soil at another residential property if mixed with clean soil
- B. It shall not be used as top soil at another residential property or child-occupied facility
- C. It may be used as top soil at a child-occupied facility if covered with mulch
- D. It may be used as top soil at another residential property if it is tested first
Show answer
Answer: B. It shall not be used as top soil at another residential property or child-occupied facility
745.227(e)(7)(i)(B): "The soil that is removed shall not be used as top soil at another residential property or child-occupied facility."
10. In a soil abatement where the soil is not removed, what does 745.227(e)(7)(ii) require?
- A. The soil shall be permanently covered, as defined in 745.223
- B. The soil shall be retested once a year for as long as children under age 6 live there
- C. The soil shall be mixed with clean soil until it tests below 400 ppm
- D. The soil shall be fenced off from the residents
Show answer
Answer: A. The soil shall be permanently covered, as defined in 745.223
745.227(e)(7)(ii): "If soil is not removed, the soil shall be permanently covered, as defined in § 745.223." The 400 ppm limit in 745.227(e)(7)(i)(A) applies to replacement soil when the soil is removed.
Inspections, lead hazard screens and risk assessments
11. During a lead hazard screen that finds deteriorated paint, which surfaces does 745.227(c)(2)(iii) require to be tested for the presence of lead?
- A. Every painted surface in the dwelling, deteriorated or not
- B. Only exterior painted surfaces
- C. Each surface with deteriorated paint that is determined, using documented methodologies, to be in poor condition and to have a distinct painting history
- D. Only friction and impact surfaces
Show answer
Answer: C. Each surface with deteriorated paint that is determined, using documented methodologies, to be in poor condition and to have a distinct painting history
745.227(c)(2)(iii): "If deteriorated paint is present, each surface with deteriorated paint, which is determined, using documented methodologies, to be in poor condition and to have a distinct painting history, shall be tested for the presence of lead."
12. Under the 745.223 definition of risk assessment, what must the report explain besides the results of the investigation?
- A. The year the building was built
- B. The renovation firm's certification number
- C. Options for reducing lead-based paint hazards
- D. The names of all occupants under age 6
Show answer
Answer: C. Options for reducing lead-based paint hazards
745.223: a risk assessment includes "the provision of a report by the individual or the firm conducting the risk assessment, explaining the results of the investigation and options for reducing lead-based paint hazards."
Source: eCFR: 40 CFR 745.223, Definitions (as of Nov 4, 2026)
13. In a risk assessment of a residential dwelling, where does 745.227(d)(5) require dust samples to be collected?
- A. From exterior porches and stoops only
- B. From window troughs only, in every room of the dwelling
- C. From the floor of the one room with the most deteriorated paint
- D. From the interior window sill(s) and floor in all living areas where one or more children under age 6 are most likely to come into contact with dust
Show answer
Answer: D. From the interior window sill(s) and floor in all living areas where one or more children under age 6 are most likely to come into contact with dust
745.227(d)(5): "dust samples (either composite or single-surface samples) from the interior window sill(s) and floor shall be collected and analyzed for lead concentration in all living areas where one or more children, under age 6, are most likely to come into contact with dust."
Abatement requirements
14. During which parts of an abatement project does 745.227(e)(2) require the certified supervisor to be onsite?
- A. Only during post-abatement dust sampling
- B. Only on the first day of the project
- C. Only while occupants are present in the building
- D. During all work site preparation and during the post-abatement cleanup of work areas
Show answer
Answer: D. During all work site preparation and during the post-abatement cleanup of work areas
745.227(e)(2): the certified supervisor "shall be onsite during all work site preparation and during the post-abatement cleanup of work areas." At other times the supervisor must be onsite or available and "able to be present at the work site in no more than 2 hours."
15. For abatement required in response to an elevated blood lead level (EBL) determination, what deadline does 745.227(e)(4)(ii) set for EPA to receive the notification?
- A. Within 24 hours after the start date
- B. It should be received as early as possible before, but must be received no later than, the start date of the abatement activities
- C. Within 5 business days after work begins
- D. Within 30 days after the abatement is completed
Show answer
Answer: B. It should be received as early as possible before, but must be received no later than, the start date of the abatement activities
745.227(e)(4)(ii): this notification "should be received by EPA as early as possible before, but must be received no later than, the start date of the lead-based paint abatement activities."
16. What does 745.227(e)(5)(i) say the written occupant protection plan for an abatement shall describe?
- A. The locations where post-abatement dust samples will be collected
- B. The results of the lead-based paint inspection of the dwelling
- C. The measures and management procedures that will be taken during the abatement to protect the building occupants from exposure to any lead-based paint hazards
- D. The dates on which updated notifications will be sent to EPA
Show answer
Answer: C. The measures and management procedures that will be taken during the abatement to protect the building occupants from exposure to any lead-based paint hazards
745.227(e)(5)(i): the plan "shall be unique to each residential dwelling or child-occupied facility and be developed prior to the abatement. The occupant protection plan shall describe the measures and management procedures that will be taken during the abatement to protect the building occupants from exposure to any lead-based paint hazards."
Post-abatement testing, reports and records
17. Under 745.227(e)(8)(i), what must happen if the post-abatement visual inspection finds visible amounts of dust, debris or residue?
- A. EPA must receive an updated notification before any cleanup
- B. Dust samples are taken anyway and the findings are noted in the abatement report
- C. The job is closed and the findings are given to the owner
- D. These conditions must be eliminated before the post-abatement testing procedures continue
Show answer
Answer: D. These conditions must be eliminated before the post-abatement testing procedures continue
745.227(e)(8)(i): "If deteriorated painted surfaces or visible amounts of dust, debris or residue are present, these conditions must be eliminated prior to the continuation of the post-abatement testing procedures."
18. Under 745.227(e)(8)(vii), what is the residual lead level in a composite post-abatement dust sample compared with?
- A. The action level multiplied by the number of subsamples
- B. The action level divided by the number of rooms sampled
- C. The action level unchanged, the same as for a single-surface sample
- D. The applicable action level divided by half the number of subsamples in the composite sample
Show answer
Answer: D. The applicable action level divided by half the number of subsamples in the composite sample
745.227(e)(8)(vii): a composite sample fails "if the residual lead level in a composite dust sample equals or exceeds the applicable action level divided by half the number of subsamples in the composite sample".
19. Which condition does 745.227(g) set for composite dust samples?
- A. They may combine floor and window sill subsamples in one sample
- B. They shall not consist of subsamples from more than one type of component
- C. They consist of a single subsample
- D. They may leave out tested components that look similar to others
Show answer
Answer: B. They shall not consist of subsamples from more than one type of component
745.227(g): "Composite dust samples shall consist of at least two subsamples; (2) Every component that is being tested shall be included in the sampling; and (3) Composite dust samples shall not consist of subsamples from more than one type of component."
20. On or after January 12, 2026, what must the abatement report include when post-abatement dust-lead results are below the dust-lead action levels and at or above the dust-lead reportable levels?
- A. A dust-lead hazard statement with the language set out in 745.227(e)(10)(vii)
- B. A recommendation for a follow-up lead hazard screen
- C. A new notification to EPA for a second abatement
- D. A statement that the abatement is not complete
Show answer
Answer: A. A dust-lead hazard statement with the language set out in 745.227(e)(10)(vii)
745.227(e)(10)(vii): "On or after January 12, 2026, when post-abatement dust-lead testing results are below the dust-lead action levels and at or above the dust-lead reportable levels, a dust-lead hazard statement with the following language must be included". The required statement says the project "achieved dust-lead below action levels".