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Forklift operating condition and maintenance practice questions

20 free practice questions from 29 CFR 1910.178(p) and (q). Each answer is explained and linked to the rule it comes from.

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Forklift operating condition and maintenance

20 questions across 6 topics. After each answer you see why it is right, with a link to the official source.

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Removing unsafe trucks from service

  1. 1. A powered industrial truck was taken out of service under 1910.178(p)(1) because it was found to be unsafe. What ends that out-of-service period?

    • A. One full shift has passed
    • B. The truck has been restored to safe operating condition
    • C. The operator has signed a written waiver
    • D. A supervisor has noted the problem in a log
    Show answer

    Answer: B. The truck has been restored to safe operating condition

    "If at any time a powered industrial truck is found to be in need of repair, defective, or in any way unsafe, the truck shall be taken out of service until it has been restored to safe operating condition."

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

  2. 2. A truck's exhaust system emits hazardous sparks. Under 1910.178(q)(8), when may the truck be returned to service?

    • A. After the engine has cooled for 30 minutes
    • B. At the next daily examination, whatever its result
    • C. Right away, if it is used only outdoors
    • D. When the cause for the emission of such sparks and flames has been eliminated
    Show answer

    Answer: D. When the cause for the emission of such sparks and flames has been eliminated

    A vehicle that emits hazardous sparks or flames from the exhaust system "shall immediately be removed from service, and not returned to service until the cause for the emission of such sparks and flames has been eliminated."

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

  3. 3. Which condition does 1910.178(q)(9) name as the reason to remove a vehicle from service for overheating?

    • A. The temperature of a part is found to be in excess of its normal operating temperature, thus creating a hazardous condition
    • B. The outside air temperature rises above 90 °F
    • C. The engine has run for more than one full shift
    • D. The operator's cab feels warm to the touch
    Show answer

    Answer: A. The temperature of a part is found to be in excess of its normal operating temperature, thus creating a hazardous condition

    "When the temperature of any part of any truck is found to be in excess of its normal operating temperature, thus creating a hazardous condition, the vehicle shall be removed from service" until the cause for such overheating has been eliminated.

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

Fueling, fuel leaks and open flames

  1. 4. With the engine shut off, a refueling attendant routinely fills truck fuel tanks until they overflow onto the floor. Under 1910.178(p)(2), what is wrong with this practice?

    • A. Nothing; (p)(2) covers only filling while the engine is running
    • B. Nothing, as long as the floor is mopped by the end of the shift
    • C. Spillage shall be avoided, and letting the tank overflow does not avoid it
    • D. Fuel tanks may be filled only by a supervisor
    Show answer

    Answer: C. Spillage shall be avoided, and letting the tank overflow does not avoid it

    1910.178(p)(2) reads: "Fuel tanks shall not be filled while the engine is running. Spillage shall be avoided." The second sentence applies even when the engine is off.

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

  2. 5. A truck has a leak in its fuel system. Under 1910.178(p)(4), what must happen before it is operated?

    • A. The fuel tank has been emptied
    • B. The leak has been reported to a supervisor
    • C. The leak has been corrected
    • D. The truck has been moved outdoors
    Show answer

    Answer: C. The leak has been corrected

    "No truck shall be operated with a leak in the fuel system until the leak has been corrected."

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

  3. 6. 1910.178(p)(5) bans open flames for two kinds of checks. Which two?

    • A. Checking electrolyte level in storage batteries and gasoline level in fuel tanks
    • B. Checking tire pressure and hydraulic oil level
    • C. Checking engine oil level and coolant level
    • D. Checking mast chains and fork wear
    Show answer

    Answer: A. Checking electrolyte level in storage batteries and gasoline level in fuel tanks

    1910.178(p)(5) says "Open flames shall not be used for checking electrolyte level in storage batteries or gasoline level in fuel tanks."

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

Repairs: who and where

  1. 7. Which two requirements does 1910.178(q)(1) set for a power-operated industrial truck that is not in safe operating condition?

    • A. It shall be tagged, and it may be used until a repair is scheduled
    • B. It shall be removed from service, and its usual operator shall repair it
    • C. It shall be reported to OSHA, and anyone on the shift may repair it
    • D. It shall be removed from service, and all repairs shall be made by authorized personnel
    Show answer

    Answer: D. It shall be removed from service, and all repairs shall be made by authorized personnel

    "Any power-operated industrial truck not in safe operating condition shall be removed from service. All repairs shall be made by authorized personnel."

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

  2. 8. In which locations does 1910.178(q)(2) say no repairs shall be made?

    • A. Any building with a sprinkler system
    • B. Class I, II, and III locations
    • C. Any area within 10 feet of a loading dock
    • D. Any location on the ground floor
    Show answer

    Answer: B. Class I, II, and III locations

    The rule states: "No repairs shall be made in Class I, II, and III locations."

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

  3. 9. A truck needs repairs to its fuel and ignition systems that involve fire hazards. Where does 1910.178(q)(3) say those repairs shall be conducted?

    • A. Only in locations designated for such repairs
    • B. Anywhere, as long as a fire extinguisher is nearby
    • C. Only outdoors at night
    • D. At the spot where the truck broke down
    Show answer

    Answer: A. Only in locations designated for such repairs

    "Those repairs to the fuel and ignition systems of industrial trucks which involve fire hazards shall be conducted only in locations designated for such repairs."

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

Parts, alterations and LP conversion

  1. 10. A part of an industrial truck needs replacement. What does 1910.178(q)(5) require of the replacement part?

    • A. It shall be the lowest-cost part available
    • B. It shall be approved by the OSHA area office
    • C. It shall be a used part taken from another truck of any make
    • D. It shall be equivalent as to safety with those used in the original design
    Show answer

    Answer: D. It shall be equivalent as to safety with those used in the original design

    "All parts of any such industrial truck requiring replacement shall be replaced only by parts equivalent as to safety with those used in the original design."

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

  2. 11. To save weight, a maintenance shop proposes removing a part the manufacturer installed on a fork truck. The change is not part of a conversion under paragraph (q)(12). What does 1910.178(q)(6) say?

    • A. It may be done if the operator agrees
    • B. It may be done for parts that weigh under 10 pounds
    • C. Trucks shall not be altered by the elimination of any parts
    • D. It may be done if the truck is used only outdoors
    Show answer

    Answer: C. Trucks shall not be altered by the elimination of any parts

    Industrial trucks shall not be altered "either by the addition of extra parts not provided by the manufacturer or by the elimination of any parts, except as provided in paragraph (q)(12) of this section."

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

  3. 12. Under 1910.178(q)(6), the relative positions of a truck's various parts shall not be altered from what?

    • A. What they were at the last daily examination
    • B. What they were when originally received from the manufacturer
    • C. What the operator finds most comfortable
    • D. What they were after the most recent repair
    Show answer

    Answer: B. What they were when originally received from the manufacturer

    "Industrial trucks shall not be altered so that the relative positions of the various parts are different from what they were when originally received from the manufacturer".

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

  4. 13. Paragraph (q)(6) makes an exception for paragraph (q)(12). What change to a truck does (q)(12) allow?

    • A. Converting any truck to diesel fuel without approval
    • B. Converting a truck originally approved for gasoline to liquefied petroleum gas fuel, under the conditions (q)(12) sets
    • C. Removing the overhead guard on trucks used indoors
    • D. Adding counterweight without the manufacturer's approval
    Show answer

    Answer: B. Converting a truck originally approved for gasoline to liquefied petroleum gas fuel, under the conditions (q)(12) sets

    Trucks "originally approved for the use of gasoline for fuel may be converted to liquefied petroleum gas fuel provided the complete conversion results in a truck which embodies the features specified for LP or LPS designated trucks."

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

  5. 14. A shop converts a truck originally approved for gasoline to liquefied petroleum gas fuel, using a conversion kit it built itself that has not been approved. Does this meet 1910.178(q)(12)?

    • A. Yes, because (q)(12) allows any gasoline truck to be converted to LP gas
    • B. Yes, if the shop has done similar conversions before
    • C. Yes, if the operator has been trained on LP-gas trucks
    • D. No, because such conversion equipment shall be approved
    Show answer

    Answer: D. No, because such conversion equipment shall be approved

    1910.178(q)(12) allows the conversion and then says "Such conversion equipment shall be approved." A kit that has not been approved does not meet that requirement.

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

Examination before service

  1. 15. Which industrial trucks does 1910.178(q)(7) say shall be examined after each shift?

    • A. Trucks used on a round-the-clock basis
    • B. Trucks that run on liquefied petroleum gas
    • C. Trucks used outdoors
    • D. Trucks more than ten years old
    Show answer

    Answer: A. Trucks used on a round-the-clock basis

    "Where industrial trucks are used on a round-the-clock basis, they shall be examined after each shift."

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

  2. 16. During the examination of a truck, an examiner finds a defect and plans to add it to next week's maintenance list. What does 1910.178(q)(7) require?

    • A. Defects shall be listed for the next scheduled service
    • B. Defects shall be reported only if the truck has stopped working
    • C. Defects when found shall be immediately reported and corrected
    • D. Defects shall be listed in a monthly summary
    Show answer

    Answer: C. Defects when found shall be immediately reported and corrected

    1910.178(q)(7) says "Defects when found shall be immediately reported and corrected."

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

Mufflers, cleaning and solvents

  1. 17. Under 1910.178(q)(8), water mufflers shall be filled daily or as frequently as is necessary to prevent the supply of water from dropping below what level?

    • A. 25 percent of the filled capacity
    • B. 50 percent of the filled capacity
    • C. 10 percent of the filled capacity
    • D. 75 percent of the filled capacity
    Show answer

    Answer: D. 75 percent of the filled capacity

    "Water mufflers shall be filled daily or as frequently as is necessary to prevent depletion of the supply of water below 75 percent of the filled capacity."

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

  2. 18. A vehicle's muffler has screens that may become clogged, and they are clogged now. What does 1910.178(q)(8) say?

    • A. The vehicle shall not be operated while such screens or parts are clogged
    • B. The vehicle may be operated if the windows are open
    • C. The vehicle may be operated until the end of the week
    • D. The vehicle may be operated at idle speed only
    Show answer

    Answer: A. The vehicle shall not be operated while such screens or parts are clogged

    "Vehicles with mufflers having screens or other parts that may become clogged shall not be operated while such screens or parts are clogged."

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

  3. 19. Under 1910.178(q)(10), industrial trucks shall be kept in a clean condition, free of which materials?

    • A. Dust, paint chips, and labels
    • B. Lint, excess oil, and grease
    • C. Rust, water spots, and mud
    • D. Tape, chalk marks, and stickers
    Show answer

    Answer: B. Lint, excess oil, and grease

    "Industrial trucks shall be kept in a clean condition, free of lint, excess oil, and grease."

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)

  4. 20. A plant switches to a new high flash point cleaning solvent that is more toxic than the one it used before. Under 1910.178(q)(10), what must the precautions regarding toxicity, ventilation, and fire hazard match?

    • A. The size of the truck
    • B. The precautions used for the old solvent
    • C. The agent or solvent used
    • D. The time of day the cleaning is done
    Show answer

    Answer: C. The agent or solvent used

    1910.178(q)(10) says "High flash point (at or above 100 °F.) solvents may be used. Precautions regarding toxicity, ventilation, and fire hazard shall be consonant with the agent or solvent used."

    Source: eCFR: 29 CFR 1910.178, Powered industrial trucks (as of Nov 4, 2026)